Ventilator.



J. T. MERGIER.

VENTILATOR. APPLICATION TILED rm. 15, 1912.

1,061,623. Patented May 13, 1913.

1 2 15 R0 26 16 ii 16 i7 200 FFICE.

JOSEPH T. MERCIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 13, 1913.

Application filed February 15, 1912. Serial No. 677,723.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrn: T. Munomn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators, of whichthe following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a ventilator more particularly adaptedfor usage with a traveling conveyance, and especially designed to beplaced upon the upper portion of said conveyor, as, for instance, alongthe decksash of a passenger coach.

The objects of the present invention are to provide a ventilator whichis cheap and simple of construction; which will prevent the ingress ofdirt or other undesirable foreign matter to the interior of the carthrough the ventilator; which will be closed to pre vent the entrance ofrain, etc., to the interior of the car through the ventilator; and whichwill have its parts so arranged as to deflect an air current across theopen end of the eduction opening, whereby a suetional force will becreated within the ventilator tending to draw the air from the interiorof the car out through said eduction opening.

A further object of the invention is to arrange the parts so that theair can flow in no other direction than across the eduction openings.

The invention further relates to the features of construction and to thecombination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view showing the ventilator of thepresent invention in operative position upon the deck sash of a carbody; Fig. 2, a bottom view of the ventilator of the present'invention;and Fig. 3, a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction ofthe arrow.

This ventilator is preferably placed along the upper portion of a carbody and acts as a means for sucking or drawing air out from theinterior of the car. The logical position for ventilators of this typeis along the deck sash of a car body, although it may be placed uponother parts, if the conditions would warrant, or the builder desire, andstill perform its office in the same manner. The particular location,therefore, of the ventilator is not deemed to be any limitation upon thescope of the invention.

In describing my invention, I will make reference to certain walls ofthe ventilator as being top, side, bottom, etc. It is understood,however, that these terms are used only to expedite the description ofthe form of device used to illustrate the inventioinand that they arenot terms of limitation upon the scope of the invention, since, if theventilator were placed in another position from that shown, these wallsmight then be more accurately identified by other terms, although thedevice as a whole would operate in substantially the same manner andupon the same principle as the device shown.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Fig. 1, a portion of acar body t is illustrated, to the deck sash of which is secured aventilator 5, which forms the subject matter of the present invention.The ventilator comprises a front plate 6, and a rear plate 7, the formerbeing of an imporforate nature and closing the front end of theventilator; that is, the end farthest removed from the side of the carbody. The rear plate is provided with an opening 8, best shown in Fig.3, which may be termed the induction opening of the ventilator. Thisopening communicates with a suitable opening leading into the interiorof the car body. In the construction shown, the plate 7 is provided withholes 9, through which suitable fastening members may be inserted tosecure the ventilator in .position. The ventilator in the formillustrated consists of an outer section 10 and an inner section 11.These sections provide a chamber or conduit 12, which communicates withthe opening 8 in the plate 7; and through this conduit air flows fromthe interior of the car through the eduction openings in a mannerhereinafter described. The outer section in the construction shownconsists of a top wall 13 and converging side walls 14;. As will be seenfrom FigJ-B, these side walls do not meet, and the lower termini arespaced apart from one another. The inner section comprises a bottom wall15 and diverging side walls 16. The latter walls terminate clear of thewall 13 of the section 10, to provide a suitable space therebetween. Bythis arrangement. there is formed between the walls 14 and 16 oppositelydisposed channels 17 which constitute the eduction openings of theventilator; and, if desired, suitable members 18 may be positionedbetween these walls to reinforce them and maintain them the desireddistance apart. The termini of the eduction openings is indicated by thenumeral 19 in Fig. 3. As will be seen from the drawings, the twosections lie or restone within the other, and since the closed end ofone is at the top and the closed end of the other is at the bottom, theymay be described as being arranged in reverse order to one another.

The principle of operation of the present invention is to cause acurrent of air to pass across the lower end of the eduction opening,whereby a suction or draft will be created in the eduction passages 17,tending to pull or draw the air through the opening 8, into the conduit12, and through the passages 17, from whence it discharges to theoutside air. It is necessary to so arrange the parts to direct as greata volume of air as possible across the end of the eduction opening; andto secure this, the plates 6 and 7 extend to the outside of the walls ofthe sections 10 and 11, as will be clearly seen from a study of thefigures of the drawing. Suppose the conveyance to be traveling in thedirection indicated by the dotted arrow in Fig. The current of air wouldstrike the wall 14 facing the direction of travel, and, owing to theslope of said wall, would be deflected downward. The tendency of theair, however, would be to spread along this wall and pass off laterallytherefrom; and to prevent this, the plates 6 and 7 are made to extendoutside of the walls of the sections 10 and 11. These plates serve tocheckthe lateral flow of the air along the walls 14, thus amassing orembanking the air upon said plate; and, as heretofore stated, owing tothe slope of the wall 14:, this mass of air is directed downward andacross the lower end 19 of the eduction opening 17. Means must beprovided, however, to prevent the air passing across said opening fromcurling back and flowing upward in said opening; and the preventivemeans shown consist of the lower termini of the Walls 16 of the section11, which, as shown, extend below the lower ends 19 of the eductionopenings, and the air striking the lower end of the wall 16 will bedeflected d0wn wardly and away from the opening 19, thus insuring asteady rush of air by said opening and preventing the curling back ofthe air, whereby it would flow upward in the eduction opening, thusdestroying the efficiency of the device in so far as it relates to thesucking or drawing of air out through the eduction passages.

\Vith the arrangement of parts shown, the ventilator is particularlyadapted for use with traveling conveyances, since no matter in whichdirection the conveyance is moving, the ventilator will work with equalethciency, both sides being alike. As will be seen from the drawings,all of the walls of the ventilator are smooth, whereby no pockets orcrevices are present in which dust might accumulate.

By referring to Fig. 3, it will be noted hat the side walls 14 areprovided with a series of openings 20 communicating with the eductionpassage 17 and extending from .each of these openings and into saidpassage is a deflecting or baffle plate 21. By this arrangement the airpassing down the wall 14 can enter said openings and flow downwardly andout through said eduction passage, thereby producing a. very strongdraft or current and obtaining a heavy suctional power for drawing theair out from the interior of the car.

I claim:

1. In a ventilator of the class described, the combination of an innersection of V- shaped formation, having its narrow end downward and itsupper end open, the outer section being of triangular formation with itsnarrow end downward, the lower end of said outer section being cut awayto provide an open lower end, the adjacent walls of said sections beingspaced apart from one another to provide air passages therebetween,the'upper wall of the outer section forming a cap-piece to prevent theentrance of matter into the interior of the ventilator, the outersection terminating adjacent the lower end of the inner section, andmeans for joining the sections together, substantially as described.

2. In a ventilator of the class described, the combination of an innersection of V- shaped formation, having its closed narrow end downwardand its upper end open, the outer section being of triangular formationwith its narrow end downward, the lower end of said outer section beingcut away to provide an open lower end, the adjacent walls of saidsections being spaced apart from one another to provide air passagestherebetween, the upper wall of the outer section forming a cap-piece toprevent the entrance of matter into the interior of the ventilator, theouter section terminating adjacent the lower end of the inner section,tines struck from the side walls and extend ing inwardly and providingair openings communicating with the air passages be tween said sections,and baffle plates from said openings, and means for joining the sectionstogether, substantially as described.

JOSEPH T. MERCIER.

1V itnesses VVM. P. Bonn, EPHRAIM BANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

